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According to Hindu traditions, which calendar system is followed in India?

Most of the people throughout the world either follow the system of the Georgian calendar or English calendar. But in India, we follow the calendar system based on the Hindu traditions, which is known as “Vikrami Samvat”. This calendar is based on the movement of moon and is widely followed by a large number of priests and astrologers in India.

What is Vikarami Samvat?

Samvat is a short form of the Sanskrit word ‘Samvatsar’, literally meaning ‘year’. This system of Hindu calendar was started by King Vikramaditya and hence it is known as “Vikrami Samvat”. Vikramaditya was the king of Ujjain. The structure of a Hindu calendar is very interesting. The lifetime of the universe is known as “Kalpa” which is further segmented into period units known as “Manavantra”. Now, each Manavantra have various set of four yugas, namely Satya-Yuga, Treta-Yuga, Dwapara-Yuga and Kali-Yuga. The present era is known as “Kali yuga”.  Each yuga further comprises of a number of years or “Samvatsars”. Samvastar is also a time period in which the planet Jupitar moves through one sign with its average speed. Following is the number of years constituted by each Yuga –                                                                         

Name of the Yuga
Number of calendar years
Satya-Yuga
17,28,000
Treta-Yuga
12,96,000
Dwapara-Yuga
8,64,000
Kali-Yuga
4,32,000
The numbers in the Hindu system are based on the Shaka System. And the numbers in the Shaka system are the variables which depend on the first year in which the Shaka was started by an emperor. But irrespective of fact to which Shaka the year belongs, the names of the year always remain the same. Since Samvatsar is the yearly movement of Jupitar within one zodiac, it might be at a varying distance from Earth at times. So, while transiting in the zodiac, it is under different celestial influences during a cycle of sixty years.
This table list out the names of all sixty Samvatsaras or sixty years in a cycle:
1.Prabhava1987-1988 AD1927-1928 AD1867-1868 AD
  2.Vibhava1988-1989 AD1928-1929 AD1868-1869 AD
  3.Śukla1989-1990 AD1929-1930 AD1869-1870 AD
  4.Pramodadūta1990-1991 AD1930-1931 AD1870-1871 AD
  5.Prajāpati1991-1992 AD1931-1932 AD1871-1872 AD
  6.Āṅgīrasa1992-1993 AD1932-1933 AD1872-1873 AD
  7.Śrīmukha1993-1994 AD1933-1934 AD1873-1874 AD
  8.Bhāva1994-1995 AD1934-1935 AD1874-1875 AD
  9.Yuva1995-1996 AD1935-1936 AD1875-1876 AD
10.Dhātṛ1996-1997 AD1936-1937 AD1876-1877 AD
11.Īśvara1997-1998 AD1937-1938 AD1877-1878 AD
12.Bahudhānya1998-1999 AD1938-1939 AD1878-1879 AD
13.Pramāthi1999-2000 AD1939-1940 AD1879-1880 AD
14.Vikrama2000-2001 AD1940-1941 AD1880-1881 AD
15.Vṛṣa2001-2002 AD1941-1942 AD1881-1882 AD
16.Chitrabhānu2002-2003 AD1942-1943 AD1882-1883 AD
17.Subhānu2003-2004 AD1943-1944 AD1883-1884 AD
18.Tāraṇa2004-2005 AD1944-1945 AD1884-1885 AD
19.Pārthiva2005-2006 AD1945-1946 AD1885-1886 AD
20.Vyaya2006-2007 AD1946-1947 AD1886-1887 AD
21.Sarvajit2007-2008 AD1947-1948 AD1887-1888 AD
22.Sarvadhārin2008-2009 AD1948-1949 AD1888-1889 AD
23.Virodhin2009-2010 AD1949-1950 AD1889-1890 AD
24.Vikṛti2010-2011 AD1950-1951 AD1890-1891 AD
25.Khara2011-2012 AD1951-1952 AD1891-1892 AD
26.Nandana2012-2013 AD1952-1953 AD1892-1893 AD
27.Vijaya2013-2014 AD1953-1954 AD1893-1894 AD
28.Jaya2014-2015 AD1954-1955 AD1894-1895 AD
29.Manmatha2015-2016 AD1955-1956 AD1895-1896 AD
30.Durmukha2016-2017 AD1956-1957 AD1896-1897 AD
31.Hemalambin2017-2018 AD1957-1958 AD1897-1898 AD
32.Vilambin2018-2019 AD1958-1959 AD1898-1899 AD
33.Vikārin2019-2020 AD1959-1960 AD1899-1900 AD
34.Śārvarin2020-2021 AD1960-1961 AD1900-1901 AD
35.Plava2021-2022 AD1961-1962 AD1901-1902 AD
36.Śubhakṛt2022-2023 AD1962-1963 AD1902-1903 AD
37.Śobhana2023-2024 AD1963-1964 AD1903-1904 AD
38.Krodhin2024-2025 AD1964-1965 AD1904-1905 AD
39.Viśvāvasu2025-2026 AD1965-1966 AD1905-1906 AD
40.Parābhava2026-2027 AD1966-1967 AD1906-1907 AD
41.Plavaṅga2027-2028 AD1967-1968 AD1907-1908 AD
42.Kīlaka2028-2029 AD1968-1969 AD1908-1909 AD
43.Saumya2029-2030 AD1969-1970 AD1909-1910 AD
44.Sādhāraṇa2030-2031 AD1970-1971 AD1910-1911 AD
45.Virodhakṛt2031-2032 AD1971-1972 AD1911-1912 AD
46.Paridhāvin2032-2033 AD1972-1973 AD1912-1913 AD
47.Pramādin2033-2034 AD1973-1974 AD1913-1914 AD
48.Ānanda2034-2035 AD1974-1975 AD1914-1915 AD
49.Rākṣasa2035-2036 AD1975-1976 AD1915-1916 AD
50.Nala/Anala2036-2037 AD1976-1977 AD1916-1917 AD
51.Piṅgala2037-2038 AD1977-1978 AD1917-1918 AD
52.Kālayukta2038-2039 AD1978-1979 AD1918-1919 AD
53.Siddhārthin2039-2040 AD1979-1980 AD1919-1920 AD
54.Raudra2040-2041 AD1980-1981 AD1920-1921 AD
55.Durmati2041-2042 AD1981-1982 AD1921-1922 AD
56.Dundubhi2042-2043 AD1982-1983 AD1922-1923 AD
57.Rudhirodgārin2043-2044 AD1983-1984 AD1923-1924 AD
58.Raktākṣin2044-2045 AD1984-1985 AD1924-1925 AD
59.Krodhana/Manyu2045-2046 AD1985-1986 AD1925-1926 AD
60.Kṣaya2046-2047 AD1986-1987 AD1926-1927 AD

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